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Haɗawa da ka'idar aiki na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic ya haɗa da tsarin haɗin grid da kuma tsarin grid.Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, tsarin haɗin grid suna watsa makamashin wutar lantarki da tsarin photovoltaic ke samarwa zuwa grid na ƙasa a cikin layi daya.Tsarin da aka haɗa grid sun ƙunshi nau'ikan hotovoltaic, inverters, akwatunan rarrabawa da sauran kayan haɗi.Kashe tsarin grid yana aiki da kansa kuma baya buƙatar dogaro da grid na jama'a.Tsarin grid na kashe yana buƙatar samar da batura da masu kula da hasken rana don ajiyar makamashi, Zai iya tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki da kuma samar da wutar lantarki lokacin da tsarin photovoltaic ba ya samar da wutar lantarki ko kuma samar da wutar lantarki bai isa ba a cikin ci gaba da rushewa. rana.

A kowane nau'i, ka'idar aiki ita ce, nau'ikan hotovoltaic suna canza makamashin haske zuwa halin yanzu kai tsaye, kuma ana canza halin yanzu zuwa halin yanzu a ƙarƙashin tasirin inverter, don a ƙarshe gane ayyukan amfani da wutar lantarki da samun damar Intanet.

1. Photovoltaic module
PV module shine babban ɓangaren tsarin samar da wutar lantarki gabaɗaya, wanda ya ƙunshi kwakwalwan kwamfuta na PV ko nau'ikan PV na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai da aka yanke ta injin yankan Laser ko na'urar yankan waya.Tun da na yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki na tantanin halitta guda ɗaya na photovoltaic suna da ƙanƙanta, wajibi ne a fara samun babban ƙarfin lantarki a jeri, sannan a sami babban ƙarfin lantarki a layi daya, a fitar da shi ta hanyar diode (don hana watsa baya na yanzu), sannan a haɗa shi. Bakin karfe, aluminum ko wani firam ɗin da ba na ƙarfe ba, sanya gilashin a saman da jirgin baya a baya, cika shi da nitrogen, sannan a rufe shi.Ana haɗa nau'ikan PV a cikin jeri da layi ɗaya don samar da tsararrun ƙirar PV, wanda kuma aka sani da tsararrun PV.

Ƙa'idar aiki: rana tana haskakawa a kan mahaɗar semiconductor pn, ta samar da sabon ramin electron biyu.A ƙarƙashin tasirin wutar lantarki na pn junction, ramuka suna gudana daga yankin p zuwa yankin n, kuma electrons suna gudana daga yankin n zuwa yankin p.Bayan an haɗa da'irar, ana samar da halin yanzu.Ayyukansa shine canza hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki da aika shi zuwa baturin ajiya don ajiya, ko kuma fitar da kaya zuwa aiki.

2. Mai sarrafawa (don tsarin grid)
Mai sarrafa Photovoltaic shine na'urar sarrafawa ta atomatik wanda zai iya hana yawan cajin baturi ta atomatik.Ana amfani da microprocessor na CPU mai sauri da madaidaicin A / D mai canzawa azaman microcomputer data saye da tsarin kula da kulawa, wanda ba zai iya ba da sauri da sauri tattara yanayin aiki na yanzu na tsarin photovoltaic ba, samun bayanan aiki na PV. tashar a kowane lokaci, amma kuma yana tara bayanan tarihi na tashar PV daki-daki, yana ba da ingantaccen kuma isasshiyar tushe don kimanta ma'anar tsarin tsarin PV da amincin ingancin abubuwan tsarin, kuma yana da aikin. Serial sadarwar data watsa, Multiple PV tsarin substations za a iya tsakiya sarrafa da kuma mugun sarrafawa.

3. Inverter
Inverter wata na'ura ce da ke juyar da halin yanzu kai tsaye da aka samar ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki zuwa madaidaicin halin yanzu.Inverter na hoto yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman ma'auni na tsarin a cikin tsarin tsararrun hoto kuma ana iya amfani dashi tare da kayan aiki na AC gabaɗaya.Mai jujjuya hasken rana yana da ayyuka na musamman don yin aiki tare da tsararrun hoto, kamar matsakaicin ma'aunin wutar lantarki da kariyar tasirin tsibiri.

4. Baturi (ba a buƙata don tsarin haɗin grid)
Baturin ajiya na'ura ce don adana wutar lantarki a tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hotovoltaic.A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan batura masu kula da gubar-acid iri guda huɗu, batirin gubar-acid na yau da kullun, batirin gel da batir nickel cadmium na alkaline, da kuma batura marasa kula da gubar-acid da ake amfani da su sosai da batir gel.

Ka'idar aiki: hasken rana yana haskakawa a kan samfurin photovoltaic a cikin rana, yana haifar da wutar lantarki na DC, ya canza makamashin haske zuwa makamashin lantarki, sa'an nan kuma aika shi zuwa mai sarrafawa.Bayan kariyar yawan cajin mai sarrafawa, wutar lantarki da ake watsawa daga samfurin photovoltaic ana watsa shi zuwa baturi don ajiya, don amfani lokacin da ake buƙata.